本文是一篇Essay代写范文，题目为A discussion of Dissenting Voices in Lu Xun’s “A Madman’s Diary”，本文通过对《狂人日记》中思想的分析，来探讨在相关的历史语境中，封建社会的既定制度是如何受到挑战和呼唤新的变革的。
In Lu Xun’s “A Madman’s Diary”, a madman is depicted as a person with dissenting voices against the mainstream in society. He challenges the established system of feudal society and call for change. With such a figure, the author Lu Xun also expresses his desire to challenge the old system given the oppression it imposes on the general public. Thus, in the article, with an analysis of the ideas in the story “A Madman’s Diary” , it is to probe how the established system of feudal society is challenged and new changes are called for in the relevant historical context.
在鲁迅的《狂人日记》中，狂人被描绘成一个对社会主流持不同意见的人。他挑战封建社会的既定制度，呼吁变革。有了这样一个人物，作者鲁迅也表达了他想挑战旧制度的愿望，因为旧制度给大众带来了压迫。因此，本文通过对《狂人日记》的思想分析，探讨在相关的历史语境下，封建社会的既定制度如何受到挑战，如何呼唤新的变革。
"A Madman's Diary" exposes the the mask of benevolent morality of Confucianism and criticizes the feudal ideology which eats the people. The mad man said that " each page are the words ‘ConfucianVirtue and Morality’...see words between the lines. The whole book was filled with the two words-’Eat people’(Lu, 224). This direct and bold remarks pointed out the lies of feudal ethical codes of the Chinese history of thousands of years and exposed destructive and oppressive nature the feudal ethical code. This can be described as a great discovery and revealing of the feudal society ‘s nature of eating people, which is a denunciation of feudal consciousness and a declaration of war as it reveals the feudal system’s slavery and oppression of the people, which makes the nature of it appear to be full of evil. With this, it leads to the shaping of the madman---a unique artistic image. Lu Xun see clearly how the benevolence and morality to cover the "people eat people" evil, revealing that the feudal society with its dominant ideology set by the various norms corrosioned people's minds to maintain the "people eat people" situation. And through the madman, the author Lu Xun is to express his resentment, and attack on thousands of years’ feudal patriarchal system and ethical education. So the madman is actually a symbol of the image of the already awakened intellectuals, and a clear anti-feudal democracy symbolic image, showing the profoundness of its anti-feudalism. Thus, the madman was not a real madman, but an anti-feudal fighter, who has firmly grasped the pulse of the times, and is walking in the forefront of the ideological revolution. But he is a real lonely people in the cry of the anti-feudal desire so that he was called a "madman". It is just because of his act is in a violation of the feudalism idea and discipline in the eyes of the feudal rulers.
《狂人日记》揭露了儒家仁德的面具，批判了吃人的封建思想。疯子说：“每一页都是‘儒家美德与道德’的字眼……见字里行间。整本书充满了两个字-“吃人”（卢，224）。这番直截了当的豪言壮语，指出了中国几千年历史上封建礼教的谎言，暴露了封建礼教的破坏性和压迫性。这可以说是对封建社会吃人本质的一次伟大发现和揭示，是对封建意识的一次扬弃，是对封建制度对人民的奴役和压迫的一次宣战，使封建社会的本质显得充满了罪恶。从而塑造了一个独特的艺术形象。鲁迅看得清清楚楚，仁义如何掩盖了“民吃人”的罪恶，揭示了封建社会以其主导思想所设定的各种规范腐蚀了人们的思想，维持着“民吃人”的局面。而通过《狂人》一书，作者鲁迅更是表达了自己的愤慨，并抨击了几千年来的封建宗法制度和伦理教育。所以狂人实际上是一个已经觉醒的知识分子形象的象征，也是一个鲜明的反封建民主的象征形象，显示出其反封建的深刻性。由此可见，这个疯子不是一个真正的疯子，而是一个反封建的斗士，他牢牢把握了时代脉搏，走在思想革命的最前线。但他是一个真正孤独的人，在反封建欲望的呐喊中使他被称为“疯子”。正是因为他的行为违反了封建统治者眼中的封建思想和封建纪律。
Lu Xun's attack on the feudal ideology is not limited to the general exposition of the phenomenon of oppression, and his critical object is deeply rooted in the feudal family as the organizing form of the feudal society. The mad man suspected his brother and claimed that “The eater of human flesh is my elder brother!” (Lu，225). The struggle between a madman and the elder brother is not a conflict between a landlord and other classes, but between the representative of the feudal family and the new awakening class and a traitor of the old family. Thus, the madman is the rebel of the feudal etiquette. Therefore, this novel reveals the confrontation between the madman and his elder brother, or between the defenders of feudal doctrine and rebels opposing it. The elder brother of the madman as a representative of the family and a group of people who eat others is to rely on the family system and the power of ‘ConfucianVirtue and Morality’ to imprison, and destroy the persons being eaten. Under this system of family and etiquette, those who are eaten became domesticated slaves and take blindly thoughts who eat people as their own ideas. Through the madman ‘s suffering in the family system and the feudal rule represented by the elder brother, it is to lead to a sharp criticism of family virtue, revealing the hypocritical side of such ritual which oppressed the real human nature and destroyed the young people even one’s own brothers. Confucianism has always been the mainstream ideology of the country. It gives priority to the family, parent, and descent in the feudal patriarchal society, which helps maintain the old order of thousands of years, and thus the old tradition was able to spread, forming a deep-rooted oppressive force. It is based on the family. The so-called benevolent morality is imposed on the young like the dogma, and shackles. The purpose of “A Madman's Diary” is not to only depict the persecution experienced by the lower class people, but to attack the feudal patriarchal system and ethical code through the mouth of the hero the madman, which makes the story have a great critical power.
In addition to expose the oppression against people, there is at the same time the intention to arouse the oppressed to break the shackles and rise to fight. Since the birth of the madman, for thirty years, he has not seen the moon and now when he met it, he was in high spirits(Lu，223). It shows that the anti-feudal fighters long stayed in the dark but gradually was awakening, and began the pursuit of the trend of the new era. So after reading this, there is mixed feelings: sorrow for how people are poisoned by the feudal morality and feudal ethical code; happiness for finally how people was awakened in the darkness, and protest and began the pursuit of light. Lu Xun thus proposed the requirements of the liberation of human nature, focusing on the attack on the feudal ideology and emphasizing the national morbid mentality. Thus anti-feudalism focused on attacking barbarian feudal ideology that the feudal rulers used to consolidate their rule. It becomes an inevitable phenomenon that it moves for the enlightenment of the nature of the people and becomes one part of enlightenment movement. In the new historical conditions, Lu Xun was to transform the national character as the central content of the enlightenment, starting from the requirements of the liberation of human nature, focusing on the root of the national nature of the deep-rooted feudal traditional consciousness. Thus, Lu Xun's "A Madman's Diary" embodies his battle in the anti-feudal struggle, focusing on the attack of the feudal ideology, and emphasizing the enlightenment of the ideological characteristics of the Chinese people.
Based on the madman's words and deeds, madman is indeed a victim and fighter of a feudal patriarchal system, and ethical thinking marked by oppression and persecution. Through the madman--- this unique art image shape, it is to express its anti-feudal Profoundly attacked the feudal patriarchal system and ethical code, which reflected the remarkable characteristics of Lu Xun's enlightening thought in the anti-feudal struggle in the early period of the enlightment movement, that is, the requirements of human liberation by focusing on the essence of feudal ideology and the feudal system to "eat" people for the awakening of the national people and changing the weak national character.
从疯人的言行来看，疯人确实是封建宗法制度的受害者和斗士，是以压迫和迫害为标志的伦理思想。通过狂人这一独特的艺术形象形态，表达其对封建宗法和伦理道德的反封建的深刻抨击，反映了启蒙运动初期鲁迅在反封建斗争中启蒙思想的显著特点，即，“吃”是封建思想对人的本质的要求，也是对人的民族解放和封建制度的要求。
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