Essay写作如何保持句式的多样性？
保持Essay句式多样性可以使Essay更具可读性，本文主要介绍来自Purdue University Writing Lab的关于论文写作的电子资源中“学术写作”的第一部分第十节 “句式的多样性”。希望大家能够通过阅读本文内容学会今后在Essay写作中保持句式多样性，从而提高Essay分数。
一、差异化策略
增加句子的多样性可以赋予其生命力和节奏感。对于读者而言，具有太多相同结构和长度的句子会使得文章变得单调。不同的句式和结构也可以减少重复并突出重点。此外，较长句子可以很好地兼容大量信息，而短句通常可以使关键信息更加突出。这些常规的方法将有助于增加相似句式的多样性。
1.通过短句和长句交替来改变文章节奏感
相同长度的句子通常会使得文章变得单调。如果想把文章段落写的生动，请使用不同长度的句子。这样做也将使文章重点更加突出。
例子：The Winslow family visited Canada and Alaska last summer to find some Native American art. In Anchorage stores they found some excellent examples of soapstone carvings. But they couldn't find a dealer selling any of the woven wall hangings they wanted. They were very disappointed when they left Anchorage empty-handed.（翻译：温斯洛一家人去年夏天游览了加拿大和阿拉斯加，发现了一些美洲原住民艺术品。在安克雷奇商店中，他们找到了一些极好的滑石雕刻。但是他们没有找到他们想要的挂墙饰物。当他们空手离开安克雷奇时，他们感到非常失望。）
修订：The Winslow family visited Canada and Alaska last summer to find some native American art, such as soapstone carvings and wall hangings. Anchorage stores had many soapstone items available. Still, they were disappointed to learn that wall hangings, which they had especially wanted, were difficult to find. Sadly, they left empty-handed.
例子：Many really good blues guitarists have all had the last name King. They have been named Freddie King and Albert King and B.B. King. The name King must make a bluesman a really good bluesman. The bluesmen named King have all been very talented and good guitar players. The claim that a name can make a guitarist good may not be that far-fetched. （翻译：许多非常出色的布鲁斯吉他手都姓金。他们通常以弗雷德·金、艾伯特·金和B.B.金命名。冠以金姓必定让一个的布鲁斯艺人成为一个非常优秀的布鲁斯艺人。以金为姓的布鲁斯艺人们都非常有才华，并且是出色的吉他手。因此，一个名字可以使吉他手变得更好的说法可能并不那么牵强。)
修订：What makes a good bluesman? Maybe, just maybe, it's all in a stately name. B.B. King. Freddie King. Albert King. It's no coincidence that they're the royalty of their genre. When their fingers dance like court jesters, their guitars gleam like scepters, and their voices bellow like regal trumpets, they seem almost like nobility. Hearing their music is like walking into the throne room. They really are kings.
2.变化句子开头
如果太多的句子都以同一个词开头，尤其是“The、It、This或I”，那么文章可能会使读者感到乏味，因此更改开头的单词和短语可能会令人耳目一新。下面以一个句子作为例子，并列出了可以替换的开头。请注意，不同的开头不仅可以改变句子的结构，也可以改变句子强调的重点。他们可能还需要在此句子之前或之后进行改写，这意味着更改可能导致句子种类变得丰富。
例子：The biggest coincidence that day happened when David and I ended up sitting next to each other at the Super Bowl.(翻译：那天最大的巧合是我和大卫在超级碗比赛上的座位挨在一起。)
修改的可能性如下(引用英文原句便于读者理解)：
01.Coincidentally, David and I ended up sitting right next to each other at the Super Bowl.
02.In an amazing coincidence, David and I ended up sitting next to each other at the Super Bowl.
03.Sitting next to David at the Super Bowl was a tremendous coincidence.
04.But the biggest coincidence that day happened when David and I ended up sitting next to each other at the Super Bowl.
05.When I sat down at the Super Bowl, I realized that, by sheer coincidence, I was directly next to David.
06.By sheer coincidence, I ended up sitting directly next to David at the Super Bowl.
07.With over 50,000 fans at the Super Bowl, it took an incredible coincidence for me to end up sitting right next to David.
08.What are the odds that I would have ended up sitting right next to David at the Super Bowl?
09.David and I, without any prior planning, ended up sitting right next to each other at the Super Bowl.
10.Without any prior planning, David and I ended up sitting right next to each other at the Super Bowl.
11.At the crowded Super Bowl, packed with 50,000 screaming fans, David and I ended up sitting right next to each other by sheer coincidence.
12.Though I hadn't made any advance arrangements with David, we ended up sitting right next to each other at the Super Bowl.
13.Many amazing coincidences occurred that day, but nothing topped sitting right next to David at the Super Bowl.
14.Unbelievable, I know, but David and I ended up sitting right next to each other at the Super Bowl.
15.Guided by some bizarre coincidence, David and I ended up sitting right next to each other at the Super Bowl.
二、句子类型
从结构上讲，英语句子可以分为四种不同的形式，尽管每种形式都有多变的结构。此分类是基于句子包含的独立从句和从属从句的数量。独立从句是独立形成完整的句子，而从属从句需要另一个从句来构成完整的句子。通过学习这些句子形式，作者可以为句子增加复杂性和变化性。
简单句
只具有一个独立从句而不含其他从属从句。
✦My aunt enjoyed taking the hayride with you.（翻译：我的姨妈喜欢和你一起乘坐（由马或拖拉机拉的）干草车出游。）
✦China's Han Dynasty marked an official recognition of Confucianism.（翻译：中国的汉朝标志着对儒学地位的官方认可。）
复合句
具有多个独立从句但没有从属从句。
✦The clown frightened the little girl, and she ran off screaming. （翻译：小女孩被小丑吓坏了，然后她尖叫着跑了出去。）
✦The Freedom Riders departed on May 4, 1961, and they were determined to travel through many southern states.（翻译：自由骑士于1961年5月4日出发，他们决定穿越许多的南部州。）
复杂句
具有一个独立从句和至少一个从属从句。
✦After Mary added up all the sales, she discovered that the lemonade stand was 32 cents short.（翻译：玛丽将所有销售额加起来后，发现柠檬水摊位少了32美分。）
✦While all of his paintings are fascinating, Hieronymus Bosch's triptychs, full of mayhem and madness, are the real highlight of his art.（翻译：尽管他的所有画作都令人着迷，但希罗尼缪斯·博世三幅一联的画作充满了混乱和疯狂，这是他艺术的真正的高光。）
复杂复合句
具有多个独立从句和至少一个从属从句。
✦Catch-22 is widely regarded as Joseph Heller's best novel, and because Heller served in World War II, which the novel satirizes, the zany but savage wit of the novel packs an extra punch.（翻译：约瑟夫·海勒的《Catch-22》被广泛认为是他最好的小说，而且由于海勒曾在第二次世界大战中服役，因此小说的讽刺、古怪而野蛮的智慧带来了额外的动力。）
三、对于简短且不连贯的句子
如果您的Essay写作中包含较多简短的句子，使句子显得不连贯，请考虑使用以下技巧。
1）.用连接词组合句子
用连接词连接完整的句子、从句和短语：and, but, or, nor, yet, for, so...
示例：Doonesbury cartoons satirize contemporary politics. Readers don't always find this funny. They demand that newspapers not carry the strip.(翻译：杜恩斯伯里漫画讽刺了当代政治。读者并不总是觉得这很有趣。他们要求报纸不要附带它。）
修订：Doonesbury cartoons laugh at contemporary politicians, but readers don't always find this funny and demand that newspapers not carry the strip.
2）.通过从属关系连接句子
将两个相关的句子相互连接，以使得其中一个包含主要思想，而另一个不再是完整的句子（从属关系）。使用下面列出的连接词来表明逻辑关系。
after, although, as, as if, because, before, even if, even though, if, if only, rather than, since, that, though, unless, until, when, where, whereas, wherever, whether, which, while...
示例：The campus parking problem is getting worse. The university is not building any new garages.(翻译：校园停车问题正变得越来越严重。该大学没有建造任何新的车库。）
修订：The campus parking problem is getting worse because the university is not building any new garages.
示例：The US has been highly dependent on foreign oil for many years. Alternate sources of energy are only now being sought.(翻译：美国多年来一直高度依赖外国石油。现在仅在寻找替代能源。)
修订：Although the US has been highly dependent on foreign oil for many years, alternate sources are only now being sought.
请注意，在这些示例中，从属标记（连接词）开头句子的位置是灵活的。这种灵活性可用于在段落写作过程中创造不同文章的节奏模式。
以上便是让Essay句式更加多样性的三种方法，大家学会了吗？如果在国外留学遇到Essay写作难题，欢迎选择BayDue论文网Essay代写服务，原创保证，通过保障，欢迎咨询。
