双语阅读|撰写Research Paper十条经验
Ten Simple Rules for Writing Research Papers
撰写研究论文的十条经验
摘要
The importance of writing well can never be overstated for a successful professional career, and the ability to write solid papers is an essential trait of a productive researcher.
写好文章的重要性对于一个成功的职业生涯来说永远不会被夸大，写出扎实论文的能力是一个高产研究者的本质特征。
Writing and publishing a paper has its own life cycle; properly following a course of action and avoiding missteps can be vital to the overall success not only of a paper but of the underlying research as well.
撰写和发表论文有自己的生命周期；正确遵循行动方针并避免失误对于论文的整体成功以及基础研究的整体成功都至关重要。
Here, we offer ten simple rules for writing and publishing research papers.
在这里，我们为撰写和发表研究论文提供了十条经验。
As a caveat, this essay is not about the mechanics of composing a paper, much of which has been covered elsewhere.
需要注意的是，本文并不是关于撰写论文的机制，其中大部分内容已经在其它地方进行了介绍
Rather, it is about the principles and attitude that can help guide the process of writing in particular and research in general.
相反，它是关于可以帮助指导写作过程和一般研究过程的原则和态度。
In this regard, some of the discussion will complement, extend, and refine some advice given in early articles of this Ten Simple Rules series of PLoS Computational Biology.
在这方面，一些讨论将补充、扩展和完善 PLoS Computational Biology的十条经验系列的早期文章中给出的一些建议。
Rule 1: Make It a Driving Force
规则1：让它成为驱动力
Design a project with an ultimate paper firmly in mind. Include an outline of the paper in the initial project design documents to help form the research objectives, determine the logical flow of the experiments, and organize the materials and data to be used.
设计一个项目时牢记终极论文。在最初的项目设计文件中包含论文大纲，以帮助形成研究目标，确定实验的逻辑流程，并组织要使用的材料和数据。
Rule 2: Less Is More
规则2：少就是多
Fewer but more significant papers serve both the research community and one’s career better than more papers of less significance.
更少但更重要的论文比数量多但不那么重要的论文更好地为学术界和一个人的职业生涯服务。
Rule 3: Pick the Right Audience
规则3: 选择正确的受众
Deciding on an angle of the story to focus upon is the next hurdle to jump at the initial stage of the writing.
决定故事的一个角度是写作初期的下一个障碍。
The results from a computational study of a biological problem can often be presented to biologists, computational scientists, or both; deciding what story to tell and from what angle to pitch the main idea is important.
生物问题的计算研究结果通常可以呈现给生物学家、计算科学家或两者；决定要讲什么故事，从什么角度阐述主要观点是很重要的。
Rule 4: Be Logical
规则4：合乎逻辑
The foundation of ‘‘lively’’ writing for smooth reading is a sound and clear logic underlying the story of the paper.
流畅阅读的“生动”写作的基础是文章故事背后的合理清晰的逻辑。
Rule 5: Be Thorough and Make It Complete
规则5：保持文章的完整性
Completeness is a cornerstone for a research paper, following Rule 2.
完整性是研究论文的基石，遵循规则 2。
Rule 6: Be Concise
规则6：简明扼要
This is a caveat to Rule 5 and is singled out to emphasize its importance. Being thorough is not a license to writing that is unnecessarily descriptive, repetitive, or lengthy.
这是对规则 5 的警告，并被单独列出来强调它的重要性。全面不是对不必要的描述、重复或冗长写作的许可。
Rule 7: Be Artistic
规则7：具有艺术性
A complete draft of a paper requires a lot of work, so it pays to go the extra mile to polish it to facilitate enjoyable reading.
完整的论文草稿需要大量的工作，因此需要付出更多的努力来润色它，以促进愉快的阅读。
Rule 8: Be Your Own Judge
规则 8：做你自己的判断
A complete manuscript typically requires many rounds of revision.
一份完整的手稿通常需要多轮修改。
Taking a correct attitude during revision is critical to the resolution of most problems in the writing.
在修改过程中采取正确的态度对于解决写作中的大多数问题至关重要。
Be objective and honest about your work and do not exaggerate or belittle the significance of the results and the elegance of the methods developed.
对你的工作保持客观和诚实，不要夸大或贬低结果的重要性和所开发方法的简练。
After working long and hard, you are an expert on the problem you studied, and you are the best referee of your own work, after all.
经过长时间的努力，您是所研究问题的专家，毕竟您是自己工作的最佳裁判。
Rule 9: Test the Water in Your Own Backyard
规则9：在你自己的后院试试水
Collect feedback and critiques from others, e.g., colleagues and collaborators. Discuss your work with them and get their opinions, suggestions, and comments.
收集其他人的反馈和批评，例如同事和合作者。与他们讨论您的工作，并听取他们的意见、建议和评论。
Rule 10: Build a Virtual Team of Collaborators
规则10：建立协作者虚拟团队
Be aware that the referees spent their time on the paper, which they might have otherwise devoted to their own research, so they are doing you a favor and helping you shape the paper to be more accessible to the targeted audience.
请注意审稿人是否将他们的时间花在论文上，否则他们可能会专注于自己的研究，所以他们是在帮您一个忙，帮助您塑造论文，使其更容易被目标受众访问。
